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      Acute Tonsillitis and Its Management

      Adenoids and Tonsils

      ACUTE TONSILLITIS AND ITS MANAGEMENT Acute tonsillitis refers to a sudden inflammation or infection of the tonsils, which are the lymphoid tissues located at the back of the throat. This condition typically manifests as a painful, sore throat accompanied by other symptoms like fever. CAUSES VIRAL INFECTIONS Common cold viruses Influenza Epstein-Barr virus (often leading to infectious mononucleosis) BACTERIAL INFECTIONS Streptococcus pyogenes (most common) Staphylococcus aureus Haemophilus influenzae BONE REDUCTION These may include allergens, irritants, and weakened immune systems. CLINICAL PRESENTATION (SYMPTOMS) SEVERE SORE THROAT Often the primary complaint, making swallowing difficult and painful. FEVER AND CHILLS A sudden rise in body temperature with chills is common. MALAISE AND FATIGUE A general feeling of being unwell. HEADACHE General discomfort and headache may accompany. SWOLLEN TONSILS Visible swelling, often with a white or yellow coating. SWOLLEN LYMPH NODES Particularly in the neck area. DIAGNOSTIC MEASURES PHYSICAL EXAMINATION Dr Sandeep and his team will typically inspect the throat, mouth, and neck. THROAT SWAB CULTURE Dr Sandeep and his team may take a throat swab to identify the bacteria’s causing the tonsil infection and the most appropriate antibiotic to treat it. TOTAL BLOOD COUNT (TBC) To check for infection markers and rule out other conditions. RAPID ANTIGEN TEST Quick test to detect streptococcal bacteria. TREATMENT MODALITIES ANTIBIOTICS If bacterial in origin, antibiotics such as penicillin or amoxicillin are prescribed. SYMPTOMATIC RELIEF Over-the-counter analgesics like paracetamol for pain and fever. Lozenges and throat sprays may offer temporary relief. HYDRATION AND NUTRITION Adequate fluid intake is crucial. Soft foods to lessen irritation during swallowing. REST Adequate sleep and rest are essential for rapid recovery. HOSPITAL ADMISSION In severe cases when the fever is very high and patient is unable to swallow at all, the patient may need to be admitted for antibiotics, pain killers and fluids to be administered through the veins. Complications and Follow-up Untreated or inadequately treated acute tonsillitis can lead to complications like: Peritonsillar abscess Rheumatic fever Otitis media (middle ear infection) Regular follow-ups may be scheduled to ensure complete resolution of the infection and to monitor for any potential complications. TAKE IMMEDIATE ACTION ON ACUTE TONSILLITIS: SECURE YOUR WELL-BEING! Experiencing severe sore throat, fever, or swollen tonsils? Acute tonsillitis can cause significant discomfort and may affect your ability to eat and speak, often leading to more serious conditions if not treated promptly. Prompt intervention is key to recovery and preventing complications such as rheumatic fever or kidney inflammation. Don’t delay your health needs. Act swiftly to tackle the pain and inconvenience of acute tonsillitis. Reach out to Dr Sandeep for urgent care and effective treatment solutions. Book your urgent consultation to get back to health.

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      Zygoma Reduction Surgery

      Cheek Augmentation and Reduction

      ZYGOMA REDUCTION SURGERY INITIAL CONSULTATION Assessment: Dr Sandeep will evaluate the client’s facial anatomy, skin quality, and overall health. This includes understanding the client’s medical history, any previous surgeries, and current medications. Desired Outcome: Dr Sandeep will discuss the desired aesthetic outcome with you in detail. It’s essential for the client to communicate their expectations clearly. Feasibility: Dr Sandeep will determine if the client is a suitable candidate for the procedure based on their anatomy and health status. Imaging: X-rays or CT scans are taken to assess the bone’s anatomy, thickness, and the location of vital structures like the inferior alveolar nerve. 3D Reconstruction: 3D reconstruction software to visualize the expected outcome and plan the exact bone resection is used in some cases. Model Creation: Using the CT scans, a 3D model of the client’s jaw might be created. Trial Surgery: Dr Sandeep might perform a mock surgery on this model to plan the exact amount and location of bone resection. Medications: Clients might be advised to stop certain medications, especially those that can increase bleeding risk, like aspirin or certain supplements like vitamin E, Gingko biloba and Garlic. Smoking and Alcohol: Clients are usually advised to stop smoking and limit alcohol consumption as they can delay healing. Oral Hygiene: Proper oral hygiene is crucial since the incision will be inside the mouth. Dr Sandeep might recommend dental cleaning before the surgery. ANAESTHESIA The procedure is typically performed under general anaesthesia, ensuring the client is comfortable and pain-free throughout the surgery. PROCEDURE INCISION The surgery is usually performed intraorally, meaning the incisions are made inside the mouth, which avoids visible external scars. Sometimes, an additional small incision is made near the hairline or ear to access the zygomatic arch more effectively. BONE REDUCTION The prominent part of the zygomatic bone and arch is shaved down, reduced, or repositioned to achieve the desired shape. REPOSITIONING The zygomatic bone, commonly referred to as the cheekbone, and its arch can be prominent in some individuals, leading to a wider facial appearance. In some cases, the bone is repositioned and fixed in place using titanium screws or plates. Osteotomy refers to the surgical cutting or removal of bone. In the context of zygoma reduction, osteotomies are performed to modify the zygomatic bone and arch to achieve a desired facial contour. There are several osteotomy techniques for zygoma reduction, and the choice of technique often depends on the client’s anatomy and the desired outcome, as well as the surgeon’s expertise. Here are the common osteotomies used: Intraoral Zygomatic Body Osteotomy This is the most common technique used by Dr Sandeep. An incision is made inside the mouth, between the upper gum and cheek. The zygomatic body is accessed and cut, allowing it to be repositioned. The bone can be moved inward to reduce its prominence. It’s then fixed in its new position using titanium plates and screws. Zygomatic Arch Osteotomy This technique focuses on the zygomatic arch, the part of the cheekbone that extends towards the ear. An incision can be made either inside the mouth or near the hairline above the ear. The arch is cut and repositioned, often in combination with the zygomatic body osteotomy. This provides a more comprehensive reduction of the cheekbone prominence. Combined Zygomatic Body and Arch Osteotomy This is a combination of the two techniques. Both the zygomatic body and arch are cut and repositioned. This provides a more harmonious and balanced facial contour. It’s especially useful for clients with significant cheekbone prominence. CLOSURE The incisions are then sutured closed. Absorbable sutures are used to close the incisions inside the mouth. Skin incisions are closed with sutures which need removal after 7 days. RECOVERY This varies among individuals, but there are general guidelines and expectations that most clients can anticipate. Here’s a breakdown of the recovery process: Immediate Post-Operative Period Hospital Stay: Depending on the extent of the surgery and Dr Sandeep’s recommendations, clients might be required to stay in the hospital for observation for a day or two. Pain Management: Clients will likely experience some pain and discomfort, which can be managed with prescribed pain medications. Diet: A soft or liquid diet is recommended for the first few days to avoid putting pressure on the surgical site and to prevent any trauma to the intraoral incisions. Activity: Clients are usually advised to avoid strenuous activities for a few weeks. Sleeping: You will be advised to sleep with the head raised to reduce swelling and aid in faster recovery General care: You will be advised to blow your nose to reduce the risk of air collecting in the tissues. Nasal douche may be prescribed to help clear the nose of any blood clots. First Week Swelling and Bruising: These are common and usually peak around the second- or third-day post-surgery. Cold compresses can help reduce swelling. Oral Hygiene: Since there are intraoral incisions, maintaining oral hygiene is crucial. Rinsing with an antiseptic mouthwash can help prevent infections. Activity: Clients should avoid strenuous activities and heavy lifting. It’s essential to rest and allow the body to heal. Follow-up: A post-operative check-up is typically scheduled within the first week to assess healing and address any concerns. Sleeping: You will be advised to sleep with the head raised to reduce swelling and aid in faster recovery General care: You will be advised to blow your nose to reduce the risk of air collecting in the tissues. Nasal douche may be prescribed to help clear the nose of any blood clots. First Month Swelling: While the majority of swelling will subside within the first couple of weeks, some residual swelling might persist for a few months. Numbness: Some clients might experience temporary numbness or altered sensation in the cheek area. This usually improves over time. Diet: Gradually reintroduce solid foods as comfort allows. Physical Activity: While light activities can be resumed, clients should still avoid vigorous exercises or activities that might impact the face. Contact sports are strictly prohibited for 3 months

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      Types of Facial Dimples

      Dimple Creation

      TYPES OF FACIAL DIMPLES Dimples are naturally occurring indentations that some people have on their cheeks when they smile. Here are some kinds of cheek dimples: LONGITUDINAL DIMPLES These are the most common type of dimples, which appear as small, vertical indentations. They usually manifest when a person smiles and are often symmetrically positioned on both cheeks. TRANSVERSE OR HORIZONTAL DIMPLES These are quite rare and manifest as horizontal indentations rather than the typical vertical indentations. FOVEA BUCCALIS This term is sometimes used in a medical setting to describe dimples that appear higher on the cheek, closer to the corners of the mouth. These dimples are usually not as deep as the more common longitudinal dimples. LOWER CHEEK DIMPLES These are positioned toward the lower part of the cheek and are often seen as less common than those higher up the cheek or near the mouth. UNILATERAL DIMPLES In some cases, individuals may have just one dimple on one cheek. This is known as a unilateral dimple and is less common than bilateral (two-sided) dimples. DIMPLE PAIRS While many people have just a single dimple on each cheek, some have two or even more dimples on a single cheek, aligned either vertically or horizontally. DOUBLE DIMPLES Some people have a second set of dimples, positioned either above or below the primary set. These are often less prominent than the main pair. DYNAMIC DIMPLES These dimples are only visible during certain facial expressions or movements and disappear when the face is at rest. STATIC DIMPLES These dimples are always visible, whether the individual is making a facial expression or not. FAUX DIMPLES Though not natural, surgically created dimples fall into this category. They are usually made to imitate the look of longitudinal or fovea buccalis dimples. CLEFT-CHIN DIMPLES Though not cheek dimples, it’s worth mentioning that cleft-chin dimples (or “butt chin”) are another common type of facial dimple. They appear in the chin area and can be evident regardless of facial expression. DISCOVER THE CHARM OF DIMPLE CREATION Dive into the allure of a cheerful expression with our custom dimple creation procedure. Perfect for those yearning for that coveted spark of joy in their smile, our expert cosmetic surgeons artfully design dimples that blend seamlessly with your natural charm. Each dimple is a small yet transformative touch that enhances your radiance. Unveil a more captivating smile with dimples that enrich your individuality. Secure your appointment today and advance towards the irresistible appeal of a dimpled grin that symbolizes happiness and beauty. Your path to an enchanting, expressive smile begins with us—contact us to explore the possibilities of dimple creation.

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      Types of Botulinum Toxins

      Botulinum Toxin Injection

      TYPES OF BOTULINUM TOXINS Botox, which originates from botulinum toxin, is a commonly sought-after cosmetic procedure for diminishing facial wrinkles and fine lines. It involves the controlled injection of this neurotoxin, produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, to temporarily paralyze or weaken specific muscles, effectively smoothing wrinkles resulting from repetitive muscle contractions. WHICH TYPES ARE COMMERCIALLY USED? The most commonly used are Botulinum Toxin Type A and Type B, which are commercialized under different brand names. BOTULINUM TOXIN TYPE A Botox (OnabotulinumtoxinA) Dysport (AbobotulinumtoxinA) Xeomin (IncobotulinumtoxinA) Jeuveau (PrabotulinumtoxinA) BOTULINUM TOXIN TYPE B Myobloc (RimabotulinumtoxinB) WHICH TYPES ARE COMMONLY USED IN CLINICAL PRACTICE? There are several different botulinum toxin products available for various medical and cosmetic applications. Some of the most well-known brands include Botox, Dysport, and Xeomin. Each of these products contains a form of botulinum toxin but may have subtle differences in terms of formulation, onset of action, duration, and potential for immunogenicity. Here’s a brief overview of these options: BOTOX Botox is one of the most recognized brands and has been used for many years. Its active ingredient is OnabotulinumtoxinA. Botox is commonly used for both cosmetic purposes (wrinkle reduction) and medical conditions like chronic migraines, muscle spasms, and hyperhidrosis (excessive sweating). It typically takes a few days to see the full effects and results last for several months. DYSPORT Dysport contains AbobotulinumtoxinA as its active ingredient. It works in a similar way to Botox and is primarily used for cosmetic purposes, such as wrinkle reduction. Some people find that Dysport has a quicker onset of action compared to Botox, with results becoming noticeable within a day or two. XEOMIN Xeomin’s active ingredient is IncobotulinumtoxinA. It is also used for both cosmetic and medical purposes, similar to Botox. Xeomin is considered a “naked” toxin because it lacks certain proteins found in Botox and Dysport. Some people choose Xeomin over other options due to its perceived purity. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DIFFERENT TYPES OF BOTULINUM TOXINS? Various types of botulinum toxins are available, each with their own unique properties, approved uses, and potency. The various varieties differ from ear other in: POTENCY The unit strength of one brand may differ from another; they are not interchangeable. DIFFUSION Some types may spread more than others after injection, affecting a larger area. ONSET OF ACTION Some brands may work quicker than others. DURATION The length of effectiveness can vary. COST Prices can differ significantly between brands and based on the treatment area. Learn more about Botox injection procedure here>> ELEVATE YOUR LOOK WITH DR SANDEEP’S BOTULINUM TOXIN TREATMENTS Embrace the age of graceful aesthetics with Dr Sandeep’s bespoke Botulinum toxin treatments. Specifically formulated to smoothen and rejuvenate, our treatments offer a refined solution for those seeking to soften the signs of aging and enhance their natural expressions. With Dr Sandeep’s expert application, you can achieve a youthful, revitalized appearance that maintains your unique character and charm. Discover the transformative power of precision-targeted Botulinum toxin. Book your personalized consultation with Dr Sandeep and take a decisive step towards a serene and smooth complexion. Your pathway to a refreshed, vibrant look is just an appointment away. Contact us to embark on your journey to timeless beauty.

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      Treatment of Acne Scars

      Scar Revision

      TREATMENT OF ACNE SCARS The procedure for treating acne scars can vary depending on the type of treatment chosen, the kind of acne scars, their severity, and the client’s skin type among other factors. WHAT ARE THE VARIUOS TYPES OF ACNE SCARS? Acne scars come in different types and severities, which require varied treatment approaches. Here are some common types of acne scars: ICE PICK SCARS These are deep, very narrow scars that extend into the dermis. They look like a small hole or indent in the skin. BOXCAR SCARS These are wide, U-shaped scars with sharp edges. They can be shallow or deep. ROLLING SCARS These are wide depressions that typically have rounded edges and an irregular, rolling appearance. KELOID OR HYPERTROPHIC SCARS These are raised scars that stand above the surface of the surrounding skin. HOW DO I PREVENT/MINIMIZE ACNE SCARS? Preventing acne scars starts with effective acne management and proper skincare. Here’s how you can reduce the risk of developing scars: PREVENTING ACNE Consult a Dermatologist: The first step in preventing scars is to effectively treat acne. Our team works closely with qualified dermatologists who can recommend a regimen suitable for your skin type. Topical Treatments: Treatments like benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, or topical retinoids can be effective for mild acne. Prescription Medications: For more severe cases, medications like antibiotics or isotretinoin may be prescribed. Hormonal Treatments: Oral contraceptives can sometimes help regulate hormones that trigger acne, particularly in women. PROPER SKINCARE Gentle Cleansing: Use a mild cleanser and avoid scrubbing your face, which can irritate the skin and exacerbate acne. Moisturizing: Even acne-prone skin needs hydration. Opt for oil-free, non-comedogenic moisturizers. Sun Protection: Use a broad-spectrum SPF of at least 30 daily, as UV radiation can darken scars and hinder the healing process. IMMEDIATE CARE FOR ACNE Don’t Pick or Squeeze: Resist the urge to pick or pop acne, as this can push bacteria deeper and spread it to other areas. Ice Application: Applying ice to inflamed acne can reduce redness and swelling, which may minimize scarring. Spot Treatment: Apply a spot treatment containing benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid to help reduce inflammation. TREAT ACTIVE ACNE QUICKLY Early Intervention: The quicker you address acne, the less chance it will form scars. Intralesional Injections: For large cysts or nodules, a quick intervention like an injection of corticosteroid can reduce inflammation rapidly, thus preventing scarring. POST-ACNE CARE Silicone Gel: This can help in the wound healing process and reduce the risk of raised scars. Vitamin C Serum: May help in collagen production and scar fading. Retinoids: Helps in skin cell turnover and can prevent the formation of depressed scars. REGULAR CHECK-UPS Follow-ups: To monitor your progress and make necessary adjustments to your treatment regimen. Consult our team for a comprehensive approach to acne management, tailored to your specific needs, and thus prevent scarring. TREATMENT OF ACNE SCARS INITIAL CONSULTATION The first step is a thorough consultation with Dr Sandeep to assess the type and severity of the scars. Dr Sandeep will take a detailed history of onset and progression of acne, previous treatments and their effectiveness, clients concern, and their aesthetic goals. A thorough skin examination will then follow to determine the extent of acne, its nature as well as sequelae like scarring. TREATMENT PLANNING A tailored treatment plan is developed for each client based on the type of their acne scars, which could include one or multiple types of treatments detailed below. Topical Treatments Application of creams, gels, or ointments containing retinoids, vitamin C, or other skin-rejuvenating compounds. Usually, daily application for several weeks or months. Chemical Peels A chemical solution is applied to the skin, causing it to “peel” and make way for new skin. May require multiple sessions. Dermal Fillers Fillers like hyaluronic acid are injected into the scarred area to elevate depressed scars. Results are usually immediate but may be temporary. Micro needling A device with fine needles creates tiny punctures in the top layer of the skin, which triggers the body to create new collagen and elastin. Multiple sessions are often required. Laser Resurfacing High-energy light is used to remove damaged skin cells, stimulating the skin to heal with a smoother surface. Can require downtime for recovery. Punch Excision and Grafting Punch excision and skin grafting are surgical techniques often employed to treat deep acne scars like ice pick and boxcar scars. The scarred tissue is excised, and the area is sutured or filled with a skin graft. Subcision A needle is used to break up the fibrous bands that are pulling the skin downwards, freeing the top layer of skin to elevate. Usually followed by other treatments like fillers or micro needling for optimal results. Dermabrasion A high-speed rotary instrument with an abrasive wheel or brush is used to remove the outer layers of skin. Dr Sandeep controls the depth of abrasion based on the scar’s severity. The treated area is covered with a moist dressing or ointment. POST-TREATMENT CARE Aftercare Instructions Clients are usually given a set of aftercare instructions to minimize side effects and speed up recovery. Follow-up Appointments Regular follow-up appointments will be scheduled to assess the effectiveness of the treatment and make any necessary adjustments. Maintenance Treatments Depending on the treatment and the severity of the scarring, ongoing maintenance treatments may be recommended. Outcome Evaluation The effectiveness of the treatment is evaluated, often through before-and-after photos and client feedback. Adjustments The treatment plan may be adjusted based on the results and any side effects experienced. WHAT ARE THE TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR SPECIFIC ACNE SCARS? ICE PICK SCARS Punch Excision and Skin grafting This involves cutting out the scar and stitching or grafting the skin. TCA Cross Application of Trichloroacetic Acid (TCA) to stimulate collagen production. BOXCAR SCARS Dermabrasion A high-speed brush or other instrument is used to resurface the skin and improve the contour of the scar. Laser Resurfacing High-energy light is used to remove or remodel the damaged skin. ROLLING SCARS Subcision A needle is inserted

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      Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Skin: a Comprehensive Guide

      Facial Scar Refinement

      SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF THE SKIN: A COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) is the second most common form of skin cancer, trailing only behind Basal Cell Carcinoma. Despite its frequency, the dangers posed by this type of cancer can be severe, especially when it’s not diagnosed and treated promptly. WHAT IS SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA? Squamous Cell Carcinoma originates in the squamous cells, which are flat cells that make up the outer layer of the skin, also known as the epidermis. Unlike Basal Cell Carcinoma, SCC has a greater propensity to spread to other tissues and organs if not treated early. CAUSES UV Radiation: Sun exposure remains the most significant risk factor for developing SCC. Tanning beds are also a culprit. Chemical Exposure: Exposure to carcinogenic chemicals like arsenic can also contribute to SCC. HPV Infection: Some strains of the Human Papillomavirus are associated with the development of SCC. RISK FACTORS Age and Gender: The risk increases with age, and it is more common in men than women. Skin Type: Those with fair skin, blue eyes, and blonde or red hair are more susceptible. Previous Skin Conditions: Conditions like actinic keratosis or a history of skin cancer can increase risk. Immunosuppression: A weakened immune system elevates the risk of developing SCC. SYMPTOMS AND EARLY SIGNS Scaly Red Patches: Often with irregular borders. Open Sores: That may crust or bleed. Elevated Growths: That may have a depression in the centre. Wart-Like Growths: That may crust and occasionally bleed. DIAGNOSTIC METHODS History and Physical Examination: Dr Sandeep will ascertain a detailed medical history and proceed to perform a thorough examination of the skin to identify any lesions or abnormalities. Other parts of the body at risk of skin cancer will also be examined. Dermoscopy: A specialized tool called a dermoscope may be used to examine the skin more closely. Skin Biopsy: To confirm the diagnosis, a skin biopsy is usually performed where a tissue sample is taken and analysed microscopically. Smaller lesions may be excised completely and sent to the lab for diagnosis and confirmation that the cancer has been excised completely. Only a small biopsy specimen is taken for larger lesions, Dr Sandeep will then plan definitive treatment after the biopsy results are available. CT/MR Scan: These are performed for lesions that invade the surrounding structures and are attached to the deeper structures, or are near important structures like the ears, eyes and nose. Scans help to ascertain the extent of the lesions and aid surgical planning. TREATMENT OPTIONS Surgical Excision: The removal of the tumour along with a margin of healthy skin. Mohs Surgery: This technique is particularly useful for SCCs that are larger, have irregular borders, or are in cosmetically sensitive areas. Radiation Therapy: Used in situations where surgical intervention is not possible or when the cancer has spread to lymph nodes. Cryosurgery: Freezing the cancerous tissue using liquid nitrogen; usually for smaller and less aggressive lesions. Topical Treatments: Some creams, like 5-fluorouracil, can be used in very early-stage SCC, but this is less common. CONCLUSION Squamous Cell Carcinoma is a serious health concern with the potential for metastasis if not treated promptly. A multi-disciplinary approach, involving dermatologists, oncologists, and surgeons, is often required for effective treatment of larger lesions. Awareness, early diagnosis, and immediate intervention remain the cornerstones for successfully managing this skin cancer. Therefore, periodic skin checks, especially for those at higher risk, are highly advisable. RESTORE YOUR HEALTH AND LOOKS: EXPERT MANAGEMENT OF FACIAL SKIN CANCER WITH DR SANDEEP Facing skin cancer on the face? Our tailored Facial Skin Cancer Management and Reconstruction Service ensures thorough removal of cancerous tissue, coupled with reconstructive techniques to preserve your facial aesthetics. We’re committed to delivering top-tier care with sensitivity to your individual needs. Secure your facial health and confidence. Begin your treatment with an expert in skin cancer care and facial reconstruction. Set up an individualized session for facial skin cancer management and reconstruction with Dr Sandeep.

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      Sliding Genioplasty

      Chin Surgery

      SLIDING GENIOPLASTY Sliding genioplasty is a surgical procedure specifically designed to modify the position and shape of the chin by repositioning a section of the lower jawbone (mandible). It’s a versatile procedure that can address various chin concerns, including retrusion (recessed chin), protrusion (prominent chin), vertical height discrepancies, and asymmetry. Here’s an overview of the sliding genioplasty procedure: PREOPERATIVE ASSESSMENT CONSULTATION Patients meet with the surgeon to discuss the desired outcome and the feasibility of the procedure. IMAGING X-rays or 3D CT scan imaging techniques are used to plan the surgery by assessing the bone structure and the degree of chin augmentation or reduction needed. PRE-OPERATIVE PHOTOGRAPHS Purpose: They are taken from multiple angles to provide a clear understanding of the patient’s current anatomy and discuss their aesthetic concerns. Comparison: These photos are used as a baseline to compare with post-operative results. PRE-OPERATIVE PREPARATION You may be asked to undergo certain lab tests as preparation for surgery. Medications might be adjusted, and certain drugs, like aspirin, and certain herbal medications and health supplements may be stopped to reduce the risk of bleeding. Smoking should be stopped well in advance of the surgery as it can impair healing. Instructions will be given regarding eating and drinking on the day of the surgery. ANAESTHESIA General Anaesthesia: The procedure is typically performed under general anaesthesia, meaning the patient is asleep during the surgery. SURGICAL PROCEDURE INCISION The procedure is typically performed intraorally, meaning the incision is made inside the mouth along the lower gum, which avoids visible external scars. BONE CUT A horizontal osteotomy (bone cut) is made across the chin region of the mandible. This allows Dr Sandeep to mobilize the lower portion of the chin. REPOSITIONING Depending on the desired outcome, the mobilized segment of the chin can be: Moved forward (for a recessed chin). Moved backward (for a protruding chin). Moved upward or downward to adjust vertical height. Rotated to correct asymmetry. FIXATION Once the bone segment is in the desired position, it’s secured using titanium plates and screws. CLOSURE The intraoral incision is then sutured closed with sutures which dissolve over the next few weeks and do not need removal. RECOVERY There will be some swelling, bruising, and discomfort after the surgery. A chin bandage may be applied to reduce the swelling. Cold compresses is recommended for a few days to help reduce swelling. Pain medication and antibiotics may be prescribed. It’s essential to maintain good oral hygiene to prevent infection at the surgical site. Our team will prescribe antiseptic mouth wash to help prevent infection. It’s advised to keep the head elevated and avoid vigorous physical activity for a few days after surgery. Most clients can return to work within a week, but strenuous activities should be avoided for several weeks. If the incision was made inside the mouth, a soft diet might be recommended for a few days. FOLLOW-UP Dr Sandeep will schedule follow-up visits to monitor the healing process and ensure the healing of tissues and the aesthetic results are as planned. As a client, you can further mitigate surgical risks by strictly adhering to pre-surgery and post-surgery guidelines. It’s also vital to attend all subsequent check-ups to monitor healing and promptly discuss any issues. Dr Sandeep and his team often discuss the various pros and cons of different surgical procedures with their clients. When it comes to sliding genioplasty, the team acknowledges that there are both advantages and disadvantages to consider. They highlight the following advantages and disadvantages. ADVANTAGES OF SLIDING GENIOPLASTY HARMONIOUS FACIAL PROPORTIONS Sliding genioplasty allows for precise modifications to the chin’s position, leading to improved facial balance and aesthetics. VERSATILITY The procedure can either advance or retract the chin, making it versatile for various aesthetic needs. NATURAL RESULTS Since the client’s own bone is repositioned, the results tend to look and feel natural. PERMANENT The results of a sliding genioplasty are typically permanent. FUNCTIONAL IMPROVEMENTS In some instances, sliding genioplasty may help open the airway, potentially improving issues like sleep apnoea. BOOSTED SELF-CONFIDENCE With an enhanced facial profile, many clients experience a significant boost in self-confidence and self-esteem. SOCIAL AND PROFESSIONAL GAINS A more balanced and attractive facial appearance can positively affect social interactions and even open doors professionally. PERSONALISED RESULTS The procedure can be tailored to meet the unique anatomical and aesthetic needs of the individual client, ensuring that the results align with their goals. BONE PRESERVATION Unlike implant-based methods, sliding genioplasty utilises the client’s own bone, reducing the risks of rejection or infection. STABILITY Because the bone is fixed in its new position, the results are generally stable over the long term. REDUCED SCARRING The incisions are usually made inside the mouth, resulting in no visible scars. DISADVANTAGES OF SLIDING GENIOPLASTY SURGICAL RISKS Like any surgical procedure, sliding genioplasty comes with the general risks of anaesthesia, infection, and bleeding. LONGER RECOVERY TIME Compared to less invasive options like chin implants, sliding genioplasty usually requires a longer period of recovery. COMPLEXITY Sliding genioplasty is a technically demanding procedure that requires a skilled surgeon like Dr Sandeep to ensure that the bone heals in the proper alignment. COST The procedure can be quite expensive, especially when factoring in hospital stays and any additional treatments that may be needed. LIMITATIONS IN AESTHETIC OUTCOMES While sliding genioplasty is versatile, it may not be suitable for all types of chin augmentations. The range of achievable aesthetic outcomes may be limited based on the client’s existing anatomy. PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT As with any cosmetic procedure, there’s a psychological aspect to consider. Clients must have realistic expectations and be prepared for the emotional impact of undergoing surgery and the recovery process. POTENTIAL RISKS AND COMPLICATIONS OF SLIDING GENIOPLASTY Like all surgical procedures, sliding genioplasty comes with potential risks and complications. Here are some of the most common and significant ones: Infection: As with any surgical procedure, there’s a risk of infection at the surgical site. Proper post-operative care and antibiotics can help minimize this risk. Nerve Damage:

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      Skin Cancer Prevention: a Comprehensive Guide

      Skin cancer

      SKIN CANCER PREVENTION: A COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE Skin cancer is one of the most diagnosed types of cancer worldwide. While certain risk factors like genetics and age cannot be changed, many lifestyle choices can significantly reduce the risk of developing this disease. This guide aims to offer comprehensive advice on the prevention of skin cancer. Sun Protection Sunscreen Usage: Apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen with at least SPF 30 to all exposed skin, even on cloudy days or during winter months. Reapplication: Every two hours and immediately after swimming or sweating. Protective Clothing Clothes: Wear long-sleeved shirts, long pants, and wide-brimmed hats. Sunglasses: Choose sunglasses that block both UVA and UVB rays. Shade Avoid Sunbathing Seek shade especially between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., when the sun’s rays are strongest. Avoid Tanning Bed Ultraviolet (UV) light from tanning beds can be more intense than natural sunlight and should be avoided. Avoid Tanning Avoid intentional tanning; a tan is a sign of skin damage. Regular Skin Checks Self-examination Examine your skin monthly, paying attention to moles, freckles, and any changes or new growths. Clinical Examination: Have a skin check-up by a healthcare provider annually, or as recommended based on your risk profile. Antioxidants: Foods rich in antioxidants like Vitamin C and Vitamin E can protect skin cells from damage. Hydration: Adequate hydration can help maintain skin health. Know Your Risk Family History: Having a family history of skin cancer increases your risk, so take extra precautions. Skin Type: Fair-skinned individuals are at a higher risk and should be more vigilant about sun protection. Previous History: If you’ve had skin cancer or precancerous lesions before, you’re at higher risk for a recurrence. Chemical Exposure: Limit exposure to carcinogenic substances like arsenic and coal tars. Use protective gear if occupational exposure is unavoidable. Vaccination: Some forms of skin cancer are linked to viruses like Human Papillomavirus (HPV). Consider getting vaccinated if you are eligible. Emotional and Mental Wellbeing Stress management through exercise, meditation, and other means may indirectly contribute to cancer prevention by improving overall health. CONCLUSION While it’s impossible to completely eliminate the risk of skin cancer, taking these preventative measures can significantly reduce your likelihood of developing it. A holistic approach that includes sun protection, regular skin checks, a balanced diet, and emotional wellbeing is the most effective strategy for skin cancer prevention. Always consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice. VIGILANCE AND ACTION: SKIN CANCER CONCERNS ADDRESSED BY DR SANDEEP Worried about skin cancer? It’s time to take control. Schedule an appointment with Dr Sandeep for a thorough examination and expert advice on skin cancer prevention and management. We’re here to address your concerns with proactive assessments and preventive care. Don’t wait to take charge of your skin health. Secure your peace of mind by making an appointment today. Click here to access our booking system.

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      Radiofrequency Treatment

      Radiofrequency Rejuvenation

      RADIOFREQUENCY (RF) TREATMENT Radiofrequency (RF) treatment for skin rejuvenation is a non-invasive cosmetic procedure that uses radiofrequency energy to stimulate collagen production, leading to tighter, smoother, and younger-looking skin. HOW DOES RF TREATMENT WORK? The radiofrequency device emits controlled RF energy, which heats the deeper layers of the skin. This heat stimulates the natural production of collagen and elastin, essential proteins that provide structure and elasticity to the skin. WHAT ARE THE COMMON USES OF RF TREATMENT? Radiofrequency treatment has gained considerable attention for its applications in aesthetic medicine. Here are some common aesthetic uses: SKIN TIGHTENING RF treatment is often used for skin tightening on the face and body. It helps stimulate collagen and elastin production, making the skin appear firmer and more youthful. WRINKLE REDUCTION The technology can be applied to areas prone to fine lines and wrinkles, such as the forehead, around the eyes, and the mouth, to achieve smoother skin. BODY CONTOURING RF treatment can be used to break down fat cells and tighten loose skin, thus improving the shape and contours of the body. It’s commonly used for areas like the abdomen, arms, and thighs. CELLULITE REDUCTION The technology has been found effective in reducing the appearance of cellulite by improving the texture of the skin and breaking down fat cells. FACIAL REJUVENATION In combination with other treatments like facials or chemical peels, RF can enhance the overall results, giving the face a more rejuvenated appearance. ACNE AND ACNE SCAR TREATMENT RF can target the sebaceous glands, reducing sebum production to treat acne. It’s also used to reduce the appearance of acne scars by stimulating collagen production in the scar tissue. NON-SURGICAL FACELIFT Known as a “RF facelift,” this treatment aims to offer some of the benefits of a traditional facelift without the need for invasive surgery. JAWLINE CONTOURING RF treatment can be used to tighten the skin around the jawline, providing a more defined appearance. HAND REJUVENATION Older individuals often use RF treatment to tighten the loose, crepe skin on the back of the hands. DECOLLETAGE SMOOTHING RF can be used to treat wrinkles and lines in the décolletage area, making the skin appear smoother. Because radiofrequency treatment is non-invasive and usually has minimal downtime, it is a popular choice for those looking for aesthetic improvements without undergoing surgery. PROCEDURE STEPS When considering radiofrequency (RF) treatment for aesthetic purposes, a thorough consultation with a qualified medical professional is essential. Here’s what you might expect during a consultation for RF aesthetic treatment: PRE-CONSULTATION RESEARCH Before the consultation, it might be useful to gather information on the specific issues you want to address, the expected outcomes, and any pre-existing medical conditions or medications that could affect the treatment. INITIAL DISCUSSION Assessment of Concerns Dr Sandeep will ask you about the areas you wish to treat and your expected outcomes. Medical History Review A review of your medical history, including any medications you are taking, is essential to ensure that the treatment is suitable for you. Physical Examination Dr Sandeep may examine your skin’s elasticity, texture, and thickness to assess whether RF treatment is appropriate for you. Treatment Options Personalised Plan: Based on the initial discussion and examination, the medical professional will create a personalised treatment plan. Explanation: The practitioner should explain the procedure in detail, including how RF technology works, what you can expect during and after treatment, and any potential risks or side effects. Financial Aspects A detailed discussion about the cost of the treatment, number of sessions required, and any additional costs should be part of the consultation. Informed Consent You’ll usually be required to sign an informed consent form after all your questions and concerns have been addressed. Pre-treatment Guidelines Our team may provide you with specific instructions to follow before the treatment, such as avoiding sun exposure or certain medications. Preparation The treatment area is cleansed, and a topical anaesthetic may be applied to minimize discomfort. Treatment The RF device is moved across the treatment area, emitting controlled RF energy. The duration and intensity of the treatment depend on the targeted area and specific skin concerns. Post-Treatment After undergoing a radiofrequency (RF) aesthetic treatment, it’s important to follow post-treatment guidelines to ensure optimal results and reduce the risk of complications. Here are some general post-treatment advice and care tips: IMMEDIATE AFTERCARE Cooling the Area: Some redness and warmth are normal after RF treatment. Applying a cold compress can help soothe the skin. Avoid Touching: Try to avoid touching the treated area excessively, as the skin will be sensitive. SKIN CARE Moisturise: Use a gentle, fragrance-free moisturiser to keep the skin hydrated. Sun Protection: The treated area will be more sensitive to the sun, so it’s crucial to apply a high-SPF sunscreen, even on cloudy days. Gentle Cleansing: Use a gentle cleanser to clean the treated area. Avoid any abrasive skin care products. ACTIVITY RESTRICTIONS Avoid Strenuous Exercise: It’s generally recommended to avoid strenuous activities for at least 24 to 48 hours post-treatment to prevent sweating and irritation. Heat Exposure: Stay away from hot baths, saunas, or any activity that may heat the treated area for a couple of days. MONITORING Observe for Side Effects: While rare, side effects like swelling, bruising, or blistering should be monitored. Contact your healthcare provider if you notice any unusual symptoms. Follow-up Appointments: Usually, a post-treatment check-up is scheduled to assess the results and any potential side effects. LONG-TERM CARE Maintenance Sessions: Depending on the issue being treated, you may require multiple sessions. Follow your practitioner’s advice on when to schedule follow-up treatments. Ongoing Skin Care: Continue with a regular skincare routine, including moisturising and sun protection, to maintain the results. SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS If you’re undergoing RF treatment in combination with other treatments, you may have additional or different post-care requirements. It’s crucial to consult with our team for personalised post-treatment advice tailored to your skin type and the specific RF treatment you received. Always adhere to the post-treatment guidelines provided by your healthcare professional for

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      Otoplasty Procedure

      Otoplasty

      OTOPLASTY (PINNAPLASTY) Otoplasty, also known as pinnaplasty, is a surgical procedure designed to reshape or reposition the ears. It’s commonly performed to correct prominent or protruding ears but can also address other ear deformities. The goal is to produce a more natural appearance and to improve the balance and proportion of the ears in relation to the face. Here are some key points about Otoplasty: INDICATIONS The most common reason people seek Pinnaplasty is for prominent ears, but it can also be used to correct other ear deformities or to repair damage from injuries. WHAT IS THE BEST TIME TO HAVE OTOPLASTY? The best time for surgery can depend on several factors: RECOMMENDED AGE FOR SURGERY While the procedure can be performed on adults, it’s often done on children between the ages of 5 and 14. By age 5, the ear is typically fully grown, so the results of the surgery will be long-lasting. Performing the surgery at a younger age before starting formal schooling can also prevent potential teasing or self-consciousness. It is recommended to perform the procedure before the child starts school although it can be done in later years. With age the ear cartilage often undergoes calcification and becomes rigid. In certain older individuals, the extent of this calcification can make otoplasty more difficult and less effective, with a higher risk of the ear reverting to its original protruding state. EMOTIONAL READINESS It is important for the client, whether a child or an adult, to be emotionally prepared for the surgery and to have realistic expectations about the results. PHYSICAL HEALTH Good overall health is important for any surgical procedure, including Otoplasty. Clients should be free from any major health issues that could affect surgery or recovery. TIMING IN LIFE For adults, scheduling the surgery may depend on personal and professional commitments. They need to consider the recovery period and whether they can take time off from work or social activities. SEASONAL CONSIDERATIONS Some clients may prefer to schedule the surgery during cooler months when it’s easier to wear headbands or dressings without discomfort, or when they have a break from school or work, such as during the winter or summer holidays. Ultimately, the best time for Pinnaplasty is a personal decision that should be made in consultation with a qualified surgeon like Dr Sandeep, considering the client’s unique circumstances, including their physical and emotional readiness, as well as practical considerations for recovery. OTOPLASTY PROCEDURE The specific techniques used can vary based on the individual’s needs. The procedure may be performed by making an incision either behind or in front of the ear. The cartilage is then reshaped, and sometimes non-removable stitches are used to help maintain the new shape. Excess skin or cartilage may be removed if necessary. Here is a general outline of how the Otoplasty procedure is typically performed: PREOPERATIVE EVALUATION CONSULTATION An initial consultation with Dr Sandeep will give you ample time to discuss your goals, expectations, potential outcomes, recovery and potential risks in detail. MEDICAL EVALUATION Dr Sandeep and his team will carry out a thorough assessment of your medical history. He will then examine the ears to characterize the deformity and suggest a personalized surgical plan. Pre-operative photographs will be taken for documentation and discussion. ANAESTHESIA Dr Sandeep and his team ensure that their client is comfortable throughout the procedure. Local anaesthesia with sedation is often used for adults, allowing the patient to be relaxed and pain-free. General anaesthesia administered by an experienced Senior Consultant anaesthetist is the default option in children to ensure they remain asleep throughout the procedure. Many adults prefer to have a general anaesthesia as well. POSTERIOR TECHNIQUES FOR OTOPLASTY MUSTARDÉ TECHNIQUE OBJECTIVE The primary goal of the Mustardé technique is to recreate or enhance the antihelical fold, which is often underdeveloped or absent in people with prominent ears. The antihelical fold is the inner ridge of the ear that runs parallel to the outer rim (helix). By enhancing this fold, the ear can be positioned closer to the head, reducing its prominence. PROCEDURE An incision is made behind the ear to expose the cartilage. Permanent, non-absorbable sutures are placed through the cartilage to create or enhance the antihelical fold. The sutures are strategically positioned to reshape the cartilage without removing any part of it. If needed a part of the conchal bowl cartilage may be excised or repositioned if it is also contributing to the prominent ear deformity. Once the desired shape is achieved, the incision is closed. ADVANTAGES The Mustardé technique is less invasive than some other methods because it doesn’t involve removing cartilage. The use of permanent sutures provides lasting results. POTENTIAL RISKS AND COMPLICATIONS The Mustardé technique, while effective for correcting prominent ears, does come with potential risks, as does any surgical procedure. Here are some of the potential risks and complications associated with the Mustardé technique: Asymmetry: One ear may appear differently than the other in terms of shape, size, or position. Recurrence: The ear might gradually return to its previous position or shape over time, especially if the cartilage is resistant to reshaping or if the sutures fail. Unsatisfactory Cosmetic Result: Despite the surgery, the client might not be satisfied with the appearance of the ears. Over-correction: The ear might be pinned back too closely to the head, resulting in an unnatural appearance. Under-correction: The desired correction might not be achieved, and the ear may still appear more prominent than desired. Correction may require further surgery. Suture Visibility or Extrusion: The permanent sutures used to reshape the cartilage might be visible through the thin skin of the pinna and may work their way to the surface and become exposed. This can require removal or replacement of the suture. Infection: As with any surgical procedure, there’s a risk of infection at the incision site or deeper within the ear. Infection of the ear cartilage has the potential to distort the ear (cauliflower ear) permanently. Antibiotics used at the time of surgery

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